Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42678528›Full record

ArticleBioprocess and biosystems engineering2026

Oligogalacturonic acids from citrus pectin: structural characterization and mechanistic insights into hydrophobic-antibacterial effect.

Yanqiong Li, Peiyang Xu, Xinran Li, Yanyan Zhao, Ting Wang, Yanling Shi, Jike Lu, Jiaqing Zhu

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Article in Bioprocess and biosystems engineering, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Yanqiong LiSchool of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
Peiyang XuSchool of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
Xinran LiSchool of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
Yanyan ZhaoSchool of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
Ting WangSchool of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
Yanling ShiSchool of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China.
Jike LuSchool of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. ljk002004@163.com.
Jiaqing ZhuSchool of Life Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, China. zjq0519qing@163.com.

Funding

National Natural Science Foundation of China 32172211Zhongyuan Sci-Tech Innovation Leading Talents 254000510040
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Oligogalacturonic acid demonstrated potent antibacterial efficacy against foodborne pathogens. To obtain oligogalacturonic acids with favorable antibacterial activity, this study established a controlled enzymatic hydrolysis process for citrus peel pectin based on the characterization of three commercial pectinases. Different fractions of the pectin hydrolysates were then obtained via ethanol fractional precipitation. Results showed that the supernatant from 90% ethanol fractionation (F90%-s) exhibited the best antibacterial effects. ESI-MS analysis revealed that pectin hydrolysates with higher degradation degrees displayed better antibacterial activity. Interestingly, oligogalacturonic acid standards (DP ≤ 4) unexpectedly showed no antibacterial activity. FT-IR analysis suggested that hydrophobic groups might contribute to the antibacterial properties of the hydrolysates. It could disrupt cell membranes, leading to leakage of cellular contents and ultimately to bacterial death. These findings established theoretical foundation for developing citrus peel pectin-derived oligosaccharides as next-generation food preservatives, while guiding the value-added utilization and sustainable development of pectin-rich agro-industrial waste.

Indexed as

Anti-Bacterial AgentsCitrusOligosaccharidesPectinsHydrolysisHydrophobic and Hydrophilic InteractionsPolygalacturonaseSpectroscopy, Fourier Transform InfraredAnti-Bacterial Agentscitrus pectinoligogalacturonic acidOligosaccharidesPectinsPolygalacturonaseFood preservationHydrophobic groupsNatural preservativesOligogalacturonic acidsPectinase

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.