ArticleAnimal models and experimental medicine2026
Neuroprotection after transient middle cerebral artery occlusion in male rats using kojic acid nanostructured lipid carriers: A behavioral, biochemical, and histological study on hippocampal CA1 region.
Article in Animal models and experimental medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
backgroundIschemic stroke triggers neuroinflammation and oxidative stress, leading to neuronal damage. Kojic acid (KA) has exhibited neuroprotective properties in other neurological pathologies but suffers from poor bioavailability. This study investigated whether KA encapsulated in nanostructured lipid carriers (KA-NLC) exerts protective effects against cerebral ischemia.
methodsEighty adult male Wistar rats were subjected to transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) or control procedures and allocated into 10 experimental groups (n = 8 per group): intact, sham, MCAO, vehicle, three free-KA solution groups (10, 20, and 40 mg/kg), and three KA-NLC groups (1, 2, and 4 mg/kg). Functional outcomes were assessed using neurological scoring and Rota-Rod, Morris water maze, and shuttle box tests. Brain water content, hippocampal histology, and cerebrospinal fluid cytokine levels (interleukin-10 [IL-10], tumor necrosis factor-α [TNF-α]) were also evaluated.
resultsTreatment with low and medium doses of KA-NLC and medium and high doses of free KA significantly reduced brain edema and improved neurological scores, motor coordination, and memory performance compared to the MCAO group. These functional improvements were associated with a significant increase in anti-inflammatory IL-10 and a modulation of TNF-α. Histological examination confirmed neuroprotection, with KA-NLC preserving hippocampal CA1 neural integrity. The high dose of KA-NLC and the low dose of free KA however were ineffective.
conclusionsNanoformulated KA confers significant neuroprotection against ischemic stroke by reducing edema, modulating inflammation, and preserving neuronal integrity, presenting a promising therapeutic strategy.
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