ArticleIranian journal of basic medical sciences2026
Development of a hybrid micelle--hydrogel system for topical delivery of doxorubicin to skin cancer cells.
Article in Iranian journal of basic medical sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Objectives: Topical delivery of anti-neoplastic agents could circumvent many drawbacks of chemotherapy in skin cancer. This study aims to develop a hybrid Hyaluronic acid-oleic acid (HA-C18) micelle--alginate hydrogel as a topical system for doxorubicin (DOX), enhancing skin penetration, providing controlled release, and localized therapy for skin cancer. Materials and Methods: DOX-loaded micelles (DOX-PMs) were prepared from the synthesized amphiphilic substance (HA-C18) and incorporated into an alginate hydrogel. Micelles were characterized for size, drug loading, and Results: Size and drug loading of micelles were about 221.4±27 nm and 4.32±0.4%, respectively. pH values, and viscosity of hydrogel were 4.51±0.02, and 3.2 Pa.s, respectively. DOX was released in a burst and sustained manner after 72 hr. Results showed that micelles markedly enhanced DOX permeation, achieving a 2.1-fold increase over free drug and a 9.2-fold increase over hydrogel. DOX micelles exhibited lower cytotoxic activity against B16F10 cells compared to free DOX, due to the slower release from the micelles. Finally, in both quantitative and qualitative flow cytometry analyses, the cellular uptake was evident, and the uptake rate was lower than that of free DOX. Conclusion: The findings indicate that a hybrid micelle--hydrogel platform enables controlled delivery of DOX, enhancing topical efficacy in skin cancer while minimizing systemic exposure in a patient-compatible manner.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.