Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42676808›Full record

ArticleClinical case reports2026

A Rare Case of Oropharyngeal Leech Infestation Causing Epistaxis and Dysphagia in a Child in Herat, Afghanistan: A Case Report.

Seyed Abdul Ahad Wadoodi, Said Abdul Kabir Hawari, Mohammad Masudi, Ali Rahimi, Nasar Ahmad Shayan

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Clinical case reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Seyed Abdul Ahad WadoodiDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Herat University Herat Afghanistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-2256-7123
Said Abdul Kabir HawariDepartment of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine Herat University Herat Afghanistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-7605-9056
Mohammad MasudiDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Herat University Herat Afghanistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0003-0525-0228
Ali RahimiDepartment of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine Herat University Herat Afghanistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5821-9177
Nasar Ahmad ShayanDepartment of Public Health and Infectious Diseases, Faculty of Medicine Herat University Herat Afghanistan.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8857-7765

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Oropharyngeal leech infestation is rare. A 12-year-old Afghan girl developed recurrent epistaxis, dysphagia, throat irritation, and cough after drinking untreated stream water. Examination revealed an 8-cm leech attached to the posterior pharynx. Forceps removal immediately resolved symptoms. Leech infestation should be considered following freshwater exposure in endemic rural settings worldwide.

Indexed as

dysphagiaepistaxishirudiniasisoropharyngeal leech infestationuntreated freshwater exposure

Identifiers

PMID42676808
PMCPMC13527429

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.