ArticleCureus2026
Bacteriological Spectrum and Antibiotic Utilization in Community-Acquired Pneumonia: An Observational Study at a Tertiary Care Center in Western Uttar Pradesh, India.
Article in Cureus, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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4 authors.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND AND
aimCommunity-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a leading cause of hospitalization and infectious disease mortality. Regional data on pathogen distribution, antimicrobial susceptibility, and antibiotic utilization patterns are essential for rational prescribing. The COVID-19 pandemic has further altered the epidemiology of respiratory infections and antibiotic prescribing practices in many settings. This study aimed to characterize the bacteriological profile, antibiotic susceptibility patterns, and antimicrobial utilization trends, including defined daily dose (DDD) and antibiotic consumption index (ACI), in hospitalized CAP patients at a tertiary care center.
methodsA prospective observational study was conducted from September 2019 to March 2020 at Sarojini Naidu Medical College, Agra, involving 130 adult CAP patients. Sputum cultures and Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion susceptibility testing were performed. Antibiotic prescriptions were analyzed using the Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical (ATC)/DDD methodology, and ACI was calculated per 100 bed-days.
resultsA causative organism was identified in 101 of 130 cases (77.6%).
conclusionsA significant proportion of isolates demonstrated resistance to commonly used antibiotics such as beta-lactams.
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