ArticleFrontiers in nutrition2026
Chinese holly fruit inhibits melanoma cell proliferation and immune escape by activating P53-P21 signaling and inhibiting JAK2-STAT1 signaling.
Article in Frontiers in nutrition, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Introduction: Chinese holly ( Methods: In the present study, a panel of molecular biological approaches, including CCK8 assay, colony formation assay, transwell assay, cell cycle profiling, apoptosis detection, flow cytometry, IHC, Western blot, qPCR, RNAseq and metabonomics were utilized to systematically explore the regulatory effects of CHF on proliferative behaviors and immune evasion potential of melanoma cells. Results and Discussion: We found that Chinese holly fruit (abbreviated as CHF) extract suppresses the proliferative activity of melanoma by activating the P53-P21 signaling pathway, which downregulates the expression of CDK2 and cyclin family members. Meanwhile, CHF promotes apoptosis by upregulating FAS and GADD45A. Metabolomic profiling revealed that differential metabolites induced by CHF extract treatment were enriched in glucose metabolism, energy metabolism, and the AMPK signaling pathway. Furthermore, CHF extract inhibits PD-L1 expression by suppressing the JAK2-STAT1 signaling pathway, thereby increasing the infiltration of CD3
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