Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42676708›Full record

ArticleNAR cancer2026

Multi-omic cell free DNA profiles of cerebral spinal fluid from lung cancer metastasis to the brain.

Tianqi Chen, Xiangqi Bai, Georgiana Burnside, Thy Trang Hoang Trinh, Melanie Hayden Gephart, Hanlee P Ji, Billy T Lau

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in NAR cancer, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

7 authors.

Tianqi ChenDivision of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States.
Xiangqi BaiDivision of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States.
Georgiana BurnsideDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States.
Thy Trang Hoang TrinhDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States.
Melanie Hayden GephartDepartment of Neurosurgery, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, United States.
Hanlee P JiDivision of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3772-3424
Billy T LauDivision of Oncology, Department of Medicine, Stanford University, School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, United States.

Funding

Translational Oncology Research Program (Project-005)P30CA124435 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Pauline Funchain · 2007 to 2026
$71.4M
TOOLKIT CoreU54CA261717 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Melanie Hayden Gephart · 2021 to 2026
$8.9M
Omics information maximization in single-cell sequencing with hybrid molecular and computational approachesR35HG011292 · NHGRI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI LAU, BILLY TSZ CHEONG · 2020 to 2024
$2.3M
Single-molecule nanopore-based identification of methylome signatures in cfDNA for early colorectal cancer detectionU01CA282212 · NCI · STANFORD UNIVERSITY · PI Hanlee P Ji, Billy Tsz Cheong Lau · 2024 to 2026
$1.9M
NCI NIH HHS P30 CA124435NCI NIH HHS U01 CA282212NCI NIH HHS U54 CA261717NHGRI NIH HHS R35 HG011292
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is a liquid biological medium immersing the brain and spinal canal. For patients with metastatic cancer from the lung, tumor cells release their cell-free DNA (cfDNA) into the CSF. We applied a nanopore single-molecule sequencing approach to analyze the fragmentation, methylation, and hydroxymethylation patterns present in CSF-derived cell-free DNA from patients with metastatic lung cancer to the brain. We compared the cancer cfDNA finding to non-cancer healthy controls and their CSF cell-free DNA. Among cancer patients, we observed enriched mono-nucleosome levels and significantly higher mono-/trinucleosome ratios in cancer patients. Comparison with plasma-derived cfDNA further confirmed the unique fragmentation features of CSF-derived cfDNA. Distinct methylation and hydroxymethylation patterns were observed between cancer and control CSF samples. We observed significantly lower degree of hydroxymethylation in cancer patients compared with healthy controls and the affected genes had different pathway profiles. Overall, CSF cfDNA in patients with non-small cell lung cancer brain metastases had distinct profiles of DNA fragmentation, methylation, and hydroxymethylation.

Indexed as

Biomarkers, TumorBrain NeoplasmsCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungCell-Free Nucleic AcidsLung NeoplasmsAgedCase-Control StudiesDNA FragmentationDNA MethylationDNA, NeoplasmFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedMultiomicsBiomarkers, TumorCell-Free Nucleic AcidsDNA, Neoplasm

Identifiers

PMID42676708
PMCPMC13527165

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.