ReviewFrontiers in immunology2026
Calcitonin gene-related peptide as a neuroimmune amplifier in allergic rhinitis: from disease worsening to targeted drug intervention.
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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9 authors.
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Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) has long been viewed as a type 2 inflammatory disease driven by IgE, mast cells and eosinophils. However, this classic model does not explain all clinical variation. Some patients continue to experience nasal congestion, nasal hyperreactivity and symptoms triggered by non-specific stimuli despite antihistamines, intranasal corticosteroids or allergen immunotherapy. Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP), a potent vasodilatory neuropeptide mainly released by trigeminal sensory nerves, provides a plausible link between sensory activation, vascular responses, epithelial barrier function and immune-cell regulation. Here, we propose CGRP as a candidate neuroimmune amplifier in AR, while emphasizing that this concept remains a testable framework rather than an established causal pathway. The strongest AR-relevant evidence supports CGRP-mediated nasal vasodilation and obstruction. Evidence that CGRP directly amplifies human type 2 inflammation is more indirect and is partly extrapolated from airway, skin, gut and
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