Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42675795›Full record

ArticleEmergency medicine Australasia : EMA2026

A 17-Year Descriptive Analysis of Firework-Related Eye Injuries on Territory Day in Northern Australia.

Jason R Daley, Syeda Amel Safi, Ananyaa Devanathan, Jason Lau, Dhanesh Perera, Sandra Brownlea, Zhiqiang Wang, Krishna Tumuluri, Sanditha Wickramasinghe

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Article in Emergency medicine Australasia : EMA, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

9 authors.

Jason R DaleyThe University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3355-8193
Syeda Amel SafiNorthern Territory Medical Program (NTMP), College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0006-5532-3212
Ananyaa DevanathanNorthern Territory Medical Program (NTMP), College of Medicine and Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, South Australia, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0672-7311
Jason LauDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, NT Health, Tiwi, Northern Territory, Australia.
Dhanesh PereraDepartment of Ophthalmology, Royal Darwin Hospital, NT Health, Tiwi, Northern Territory, Australia.
Sandra BrownleaDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Royal Darwin Hospital, NT Health, Tiwi, Northern Territory, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5267-972X
Zhiqiang WangMenzies School of Health Research, Darwin, Northern Territory, Australia.
Krishna TumuluriThe University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Sanditha WickramasingheDepartment of Ophthalmology, Royal Darwin Hospital, NT Health, Tiwi, Northern Territory, Australia.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveTerritory Day is celebrated annually on 1st July in the Northern Territory, the only time and place in Australia with unrestricted access to fireworks. While fireworks contribute to the festive atmosphere, they also pose significant risks, particularly to ocular health. This study investigates the incidence, injury types, and outcomes of firework-related eye injuries on Territory Day for the last 17 years.

methodsRetrospective case series of firework-related eye injuries from 2008 to 2024 presenting to top end hospitals on Territory Day, with 24th July used as a comparison day. Data was collected from electronic and paper-based medical records. Patient demographics, injury type/mechanism, treatment, and visual outcomes were analysed.

resultsForty-eight cases of firework-related eye injuries were identified. 77.1% were male, with a mean age of 25.2 years. Eye injuries involved the eyelid/adnexa (58.3%), anterior segment (87.5%) and posterior segment (16.7%). The median ED length of stay was 3.0 h (IQR: 2.0-4.8 h). Posterior segment injuries were seven-times more likely to be admitted to hospital (p = 0.024). Most injuries (60.4%) occurred in spectators rather than firework operators. 83.3% of injured individuals lacked eye protection. Firework-related eye injuries accounted for 35.0% (95% CI: 27.0%-43.0%) of all ocular injuries across Territory Days. One hundred and thirty seven ocular injury presentations were recorded on Territory Day, compared with 95 on the comparison day.

conclusionsFirework-related eye injuries represent a preventable cause of ocular morbidity. Public education, appropriate regulation, and community-based interventions may help reduce the risk of firework-related ocular injury and support safer celebrations.

Indexed as

Blast InjuriesEye InjuriesAdolescentAdultFemaleHolidaysHumansIncidenceMaleNorthern TerritoryRetrospective StudiesYoung Adultemergencyeye injuriesfireworkpublic healthtrauma

Identifiers

PMID42675795
PMCPMC13530423

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.