ArticleEJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry2026
The influence of functional groups and their relative position on isotopic exchange between
Article in EJNMMI radiopharmacy and chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundIsotopic exchange with fluorine-18 offers a conceptually simple approach to positron emission tomography (PET) tracer development, as the target compound itself serves as the labeling precursor.
resultsIn this study, we investigated the influence of functional groups and substituent position on the efficiency of isotopic exchange with fluorine-18. A total of 19 fluorobenzene derivatives were screened under standardized conditions, in dimethyl sulfoxide (175 °C) and dimethylformamide (150 °C) as solvents. Only a subset of compounds underwent efficient exchange; electron-withdrawing substituents strongly promoted isotopic exchange, with ortho and para isomers generally being more reactive than meta-analogues. The kinetics of the exchange in dimethyl sulfoxide were quantified for fluorobenzonitriles, nitrofluorobenzenes, and fluorobenzaldehydes. Nonlinear regression analysis indicated more rapid apparent exchange for the ortho- and para-substituted nitrile and nitro derivatives, together with higher apparent plateaus (≥84-94%), consistent with an S
conclusionsThese findings clarify the functional group and positional influences on fluorine-19/fluorine-18 isotopic exchange, highlighting the potential of this strategy to streamline PET tracer development by circumventing the need for precursor development and extensive reaction optimization.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.