Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42675309›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2026

Regional ventricular enlargement as an in vivo biomarker of cumulative biomechanical neurodegeneration in former American football players.

Brian Szekely, Jared Stearns, Anya S Mirmajlesi, Rebecca D Folkerth, Sylvain Bouix, Daniel H Daneshvar, Charles H Adler, Charles Bernick, Laura J Balcer, Jeffrey L Cummings and 6 more

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Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

16 authors.

Brian SzekelyDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Jared StearnsDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Anya S MirmajlesiDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Rebecca D FolkerthBrain Injury Research Center, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, New York, USA.
Sylvain BouixDepartment of Software Engineering and Information Technology, École de technologie supérieure, Université du Québec, Montréal, Quebec, Canada.
Daniel H DaneshvarDepartment of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Charles H AdlerDepartment of Neurology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Mayo Clinic Arizona, Scottsdale, Arizona, USA.
Charles BernickCleveland Clinic Lou Ruvo Center for Brain Health, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
Laura J BalcerDepartment of Neurology, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
Jeffrey L CummingsChambers-Grundy Center for Transformative Neuroscience, Department of Brain Health, Kirk Kerkorian School of Medicine, University of Nevada, Las Vegas, Las Vegas, Nevada, USA.
Eric M ReimanBanner Alzheimer's Institute and Arizona Alzheimer's Consortium, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
Robert A SternDepartment of Neurology, Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Research Center and CTE Center, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Martha E ShentonPsychiatry Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Richard J RushmoreDepartment of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Boston University Chobanian & Avedisian School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Hector ArciniegaDepartment of Rehabilitation Medicine, NYU Grossman School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-5565-9633
DIAGNOSE CTE Research Project

Funding

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy: Detection, Diagnosis, Course, and Risk FactorsU01NS093334 · NINDS · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI CUMMINGS, JEFFREY L., REIMAN, ERIC MICHAEL · 2016 to 2022
$17.0M
Understanding the Neuroanatomical Abnormalities of Repetitive Head ImpactsR21NS140565 · NINDS · NEW YORK UNIVERSITY SCHOOL OF MEDICINE · PI Hector Arciniega · 2025 to 2026
$466k
Alzheimer's Association 25AARG-NTF-1377286 (H.A.)Burroughs Wellcome Fund Postdoctoral Diversity Enrichment ProgramNational Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities Loan Repayment Program L32 MD016519 (H.A.)NIMHD NIH HHS L32 MD016519NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS140565NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS140565 (H.A.)NINDS NIH HHS U01 NS093334NINDS NIH HHS U01NS093334 (J.L.C. E.M.R. M.E.S. R.A.S.)
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionRepetitive head impacts (RHIs) have been linked to later life neurodegeneration, yet the in vivo structural correlates of cumulative biomechanical loading remain unclear. We examined whether regional ventricular morphology in former American football players reflects exposure burden and traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES) classification.

methodsParticipants included 170 male former football players and 54 age-matched asymptomatic male controls from the Diagnostics, Imaging, and Genetics Network for the Objective Study and Evaluation of Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy Research Project. Subject-specific manual segmentation quantified lateral ventricle, inferior horn, third ventricle, and fourth ventricle volumes. Group and exposure associations were tested using generalized least squares models.

resultsFormer players showed larger left inferior lateral ventricle volume than controls, with the largest effects among professional players. Greater cumulative linear and rotational acceleration exposure was associated with enlargement across lateral ventricular and inferior horn regions. DISCUSSION: Regional ventricular enlargement may represent an in vivo marker of cumulative biomechanical loading after RHI exposure.

Indexed as

Cerebral VentriclesChronic Traumatic EncephalopathyFootballBiomarkersBiomechanical PhenomenaHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleUnited StatesBiomarkersAmerican footballchronic traumatic encephalopathycumulative head impact indexneuroimagingrepetitive head impactsstructural magnetic resonance imagingtraumatic encephalopathy syndromeventricular volume

Identifiers

PMID42675309
PMCPMC13529812

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.