Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42670586›Full record

ArticleBrain and behavior2026

Associations of Weight and Glucose Levels With Myasthenia Gravis: A Two-Step, Two-Sample Mendelian Randomization and Retrospective Case-Control Study.

Hai Lin, Jinrong Zhu, Xi Qu, Shenyi Lin, Shengqi Li, Yukai Wang, Jiaxuan Chen, Ruting Wei, Yanyi Pan, Xinran Li and 3 more

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In one paragraph

Article in Brain and behavior, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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3 · Its place in the literature

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Hai Lin *Department of Endocrinology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Jinrong Zhu *Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Xi Qu *Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Shenyi LinDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Shengqi LiDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Yukai WangDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Jiaxuan ChenDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Ruting WeiDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Yanyi PanDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Xinran LiDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Ruizi XuDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.
Suwen HuangDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1407-4276
Yiyun WengDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundPrevious studies suggested links between obesity, glucose regulation, and autoimmune diseases, but the associations of weight and glucose levels with myasthenia gravis (MG) remain uncertain. We examined these associations and a potential indirect pathway through glucose levels.

objectiveWe investigated the associations of weight and glucose levels with MG risk using Mendelian randomization (MR) and a retrospective case-control study.

methodsWe conducted two-sample MR analyses using genome-wide association study summary statistics from European populations. The clinical component retrospectively included patients with MG and healthy controls and used propensity-score matching and logistic regression.

resultsThe MR analyses suggested associations among genetically predicted weight, glucose levels, and MG risk. They also yielded a small indirect estimate through glucose levels that was opposite in direction to the direct and total effects. This opposing-direction indirect estimate was sensitive to the inferential method and was not observed in the retrospective case-control analysis. In the clinical analysis, MG cases had higher weight and lower glucose levels than controls, and both variables were associated with MG status.

conclusionTwo-sample MR suggested that genetically predicted higher weight was associated with higher odds of MG, whereas genetically predicted higher glucose levels were associated with lower odds of MG. The retrospective case-control analysis showed directionally similar associations for measured weight and fasting glucose, but the indirect pathway suggested by MR was not observed in the clinical analysis.

Indexed as

Blood GlucoseBody WeightMyasthenia GravisCase-Control StudiesFemaleGenome-Wide Association StudyHumansMaleMendelian Randomization AnalysisRetrospective StudiesBlood GlucoseglucoseMendelian randomizationmyasthenia gravisweight

Identifiers

PMID42670586
PMCPMC13527523

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