Observational studyJournal of primary care & community health
Assessing Awareness, Confidence and Utilization of Compounded GLP-1 and Dual GIP/GLP-1 Receptor Agonists Among Healthcare Clinicians and Pharmacists: A Comprehensive Survey Study.
Observational study in Journal of primary care & community health. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Introduction/ObjectivesMisinformation about the safety, efficacy and legality of compounded Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and dual action Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide/Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 and dual GIP/GLP-1 RA) exists amongst the public. Literature describing healthcare professionals' current awareness and use of these products is limited. The objective of this study is to examine healthcare clinicians' and pharmacists' knowledge and patient care practices for compounded GLP-1 and dual GIP/GLP-1 RAs.MethodsAn observational, cross-sectional 14-item survey was distributed to clinicians and pharmacists who care for patients prescribed GLP-1 or dual GIP/GLP-1 RA in regular practice located throughout a multi-site health system in December of 2025. Responses were collected through REDCap and analyzed using Wilcoxon Rank-Sum and Chi-Square tests.ResultsOf 523 surveys distributed, ninety-nine eligible responses were analyzed. Fifty-one percent of respondents were aware of the 2024 American Diabetes Association (ADA) guidance statement on compounded GLP-1 and dual GIP/GLP-1 RAs. A majority of respondents expressed low confidence in the safety of these agents and have not incorporated them into practice citing safety, efficacy, legality and knowledge gaps. Many respondents expressed a desire for additional education.ConclusionUse of compounded GLP-1 and dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonists continues despite regulatory changes and is likely to persist. Gaps in knowledge, awareness, and confidence regarding safety, efficacy, and regulation may be limiting appropriate use, even as clinicians and pharmacists recognize potential benefits for cost and access. These findings expose the need for targeted, interdisciplinary education and clear guidance on compounding regulations.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.