Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42670364›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of dentistry2026

The Morphological, Thermal, and Mechanical Properties of Glass Ionomer Modified Polylactic Acid Polymer.

Rungroj Kuson, Thanapat Sastraruji, Kullapop Suttiat

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of dentistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors.

Rungroj KusonDepartment of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, cmu.ac.th.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0001-7917-5334
Thanapat SastrarujiDental Research Center, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, cmu.ac.th.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0784-7672
Kullapop SuttiatDepartment of Prosthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai 50200, Thailand, cmu.ac.th.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9886-1356

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

This study evaluated the morphological, thermal, and mechanical behavior of polylactic acid (PLA) composites modified with conventional self-cured glass-ionomer cement (GIC) (Fuji VII; GC Corporation, Japan)-fully set and ground into powder-or sodium fluoride (NaF; Merck, USA) under simulated oral hydrolytic degradation. PLA based films containing 0-20 wt% fillers were produced by solvent casting, immersed in phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) at 37°C for up to 28 days, and characterized using scanning electron microscopy, differential scanning calorimetry, and tensile testing. Surface analysis showed that GIC filled PLA maintained a slight roughness and intact morphology with minimal void formation over time, whereas high NaF loading promoted pronounced surface porosity due to filler dissolution and enhanced water ingress. Thermal analysis indicated small increases in glass transition temperature after filler addition and aging, while cold crystallization and melting enthalpies were strongly dependent on filler type and concentration, with 5 wt% GIC supporting high crystallinity and higher loadings progressively suppressing crystal development during aging. Mechanically, pure PLA displayed an initial increase in tensile strength followed by marked deterioration, NaF filled films exhibited concentration dependent weakening particularly at 20 wt%, and PLA containing 5 wt% GIC showed the most stable tensile strength response over 28 days. Overall, PLA containing a low content of GIC, particularly 5 wt%, provides a favorable balance of structural stability and controlled crystallization. These findings warrant further preclinical investigation as a candidate fluoride-releasing and rechargeable material for dental applications. This study does not establish clinical suitability.

Indexed as

dental materialsglass ionomer cement (GIC)polylactic acid (PLA)polymer compositessodium fluoride (NaF)

Identifiers

PMID42670364
PMCPMC13526236

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.