Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42669698›Full record

ArticleNature communications2026

Human-specific sequence features in HTT exon 1 promote toxic misprocessing via splicing factor SRSF7.

Camilla Maffezzini, Raffaele Iennaco, Andrea Scolz, Simone Maestri, Christian Landles, Georgina F Osborne, Marta M Bronzini, Camilla Trovesi, Thomas Carzaniga, Luca Casiraghi and 7 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

17 authors.

Camilla Maffezzini *Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-0397-1609
Raffaele Iennaco *Department of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Andrea ScolzDepartment of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Simone MaestriDepartment of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-1192-0684
Christian LandlesDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-9715-6447
Georgina F OsborneDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0001-8308-3179
Marta M BronziniDepartment of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Camilla TrovesiDepartment of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0009-0008-0887-1122
Thomas CarzanigaDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Italy.
Luca CasiraghiDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Italy.
Jimena Quiros RamirezDepartment of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0002-5831-1421
Thomas F VogtCHDI Management/CHDI Foundation, New York, NY, USA.
Dan P FelsenfeldCHDI Management/CHDI Foundation, New York, NY, USA.
Tommaso BelliniDepartment of Medical Biotechnology and Translational Medicine, Università degli Studi di Milano, Segrate, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-4898-4400
Chiara ZuccatoDepartment of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.ORCID 0000-0003-1771-3392
Gillian P BatesDepartment of Neurodegenerative Disease and UK Dementia Research Institute at UCL, University College London, London, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-4041-6305
Elena CattaneoDepartment of Biosciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy. elena.cattaneo@unimi.it.ORCID 0000-0002-0755-4917

Funding

CHDI Foundation (CHDI Foundation, Inc.) JSC A11103
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Expansion of CAG repeats in HTT exon 1 is the acknowledged driver of Huntington's disease. Alternative processing of HTT pre-mRNA generates the truncated HTT1a transcript, translated into a toxic peptide. While its dependence on CAG length is well documented, the role of adjacent sequences - particularly the Proline-Rich Domain (PRD) - remains unexplored. Using our HuntEx1-engineered mouse embryonic stem cell platform, we show that human PRD promotes HTT1a production, whereas its replacement with mouse PRD in an otherwise human exon 1 markedly reduces HTT1a levels. Mechanistically, we find that the PRD shapes mRNA structure, and motif analysis identifies Serine-Arginine Splicing Factor 7 (SRSF7) binding sites in mouse but not in human PRD. Their targeted mutation confirms SRSF7's regulatory role in suppressing HTT1a production. Our findings establish the PRD as a key cis-regulator of HTT1a biogenesis, demonstrating that HTT toxicity also depends on sequence context, and highlighting splicing-based, PRD-focused therapeutic avenues.

Indexed as

ExonsHuntingtin ProteinSerine-Arginine Splicing FactorsAlternative SplicingAnimalsBinding SitesHumansHuntington DiseaseMiceMouse Embryonic Stem CellsRNA, MessengerRNA PrecursorsHTT protein, humanHuntingtin ProteinRNA, MessengerRNA PrecursorsSerine-Arginine Splicing FactorsSRSF7 protein, human

Identifiers

PMID42669698
PMCPMC13526805

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.