ArticlePeerJ2026
Higher shock index at presentation is associated with mortality in stray cats at an emergency medical center.
Article in PeerJ, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
14 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Rescued stray cats may present with disease or traumatic injury, but early risk assessment is challenging because background information, vaccination history, and the duration of illness or injury are often unavailable. Evidence remains limited regarding presentation-based indicators that can support immediate clinical assessment in stray cats requiring emergency medical care. This study evaluated whether shock index (SI), calculated as the ratio of heart rate to systolic blood pressure, was associated with mortality in stray cats that were presented to a veterinary emergency medical center. Methods: The medical records of 63 stray cats that were presented to the Emergency Medical Center of Seoul National University Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital between March 2021 and November 2024 were retrospectively reviewed. After excluding three cats with missing outcome data, 60 cats were included in the final study population. Demographic characteristics and clinical variables recorded at presentation were summarized and compared between survivors and non-survivors. Univariable and multivariable logistic regression analyses ( Results: Of the 60 stray cats included in the final study population, 32 (53.3%) survived to discharge. In the multivariable analysis, SI at presentation was associated with higher mortality odds at emergency department discharge (odds ratio 3.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] [1.31-7.96], Conclusions: SI at presentation was associated with mortality in this cohort of stray cats. SI assessment may support initial clinical evaluation in resource-limited settings, but prospective studies with external validation are needed.
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