ArticleNature communications2026
Photon trapping in a time cavity flying at the speed of light.
Article in Nature communications, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
4 authors.
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Abstract
A strong optical pulse in a nonlinear medium can serve as a trap for photons. Photon confinement in such a trap moving at the speed of light is best described as time-trapping. Here we reveal unusual properties that fundamentally distinguish it from conventional trapping. Time-trapped states can exhibit zero leakage through the trap walls and possess extremely broad spectra while remaining genuine single modes with well-defined phase. Linear beatings between modes enable waveform reshaping in both the temporal and spectral domains. Time-trapped states support efficient coupling to external radiation, allowing fundamentally more efficient loading of energy than stationary cavities and surpassing the conventional Lorentz time-bandwidth limit linking lifetime and bandwidth in conventional resonant systems. Time-traps support exotic phenomena including halo states and anomalously large transmission delays. These properties apply equally to weak classical wavepackets and single-photon states, opening new opportunities for ultrafast classical and quantum photonics.
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