Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42666877›Full record

ArticleLancet regional health. Americas2026

Trends and disparities of vision impairment in Mexico from 1990 to 2023: a comparative analysis with Latin America and the Caribbean based on the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.

Erik Lizarraga-Verdugo, Erick P Gutierrez-Grijalva, Carlos Mora-Palazuelos, Perla Y Gutierrez-Arzapalo, Karla P Gutierrez-Castro, Brisceyda Arce-Bojorquez, Marisol Montoya-Moreno, Sofia E Madueña-Angulo, Daniel E Cuen-Lazcano, José N Moreno-Zazueta and 12 more

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Lancet regional health. Americas, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

22 authors.

Erik Lizarraga-VerdugoCentro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.
Erick P Gutierrez-GrijalvaPrograma de Investigadoras e Investigadores por México, SECIHTI, Centro de Investigación en Alimentación y Desarrollo, A.C., Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.
Carlos Mora-PalazuelosCentro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.
Perla Y Gutierrez-ArzapaloCentro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.
Karla P Gutierrez-CastroCentro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.
Brisceyda Arce-BojorquezCentro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.
Marisol Montoya-MorenoCentro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.
Sofia E Madueña-AnguloCentro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.
Daniel E Cuen-LazcanoCentro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.
José N Moreno-ZazuetaCentro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.
Daisy M Garcia-TocaHospital Puerta de Hierro, Guadalajara, 45116, Jalisco, México.
Edgar L Gonzalez-GonzalezDirección de Planeación, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, 62100, Morelos, México.
Francisco Gallardo-VeraEscuela Nacional de Ciencias Biológicas, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Miguel Hidalgo, 11340, Ciudad de México, México.
Liliana Carmona-AparicioLaboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Coyoacán, 04530, Ciudad de México, México.
Elvia Coballase-UrrutiaLaboratorio de Farmacología, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Coyoacán, 04530, Ciudad de México, México.
Aristides Iii SampieriFacultad de Ciencias, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Coyoacán, 04510, Ciudad de México, México.
Mariana Gutierrez-IbarraPosgrado en Biomedicina Molecular, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.
Diana L Cardoso-AnguloPosgrado en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.
José C Batiz-BeltranFacultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.
Lina S Palacio-MejiaCentro de Investigación en Evaluación y Encuestas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, 62100, Morelos, México.
Daniel DiazCentro de Investigación en Evaluación y Encuestas, Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Cuernavaca, 62100, Morelos, México.
Saul A Beltran-OntiverosCentro de Investigación y Docencia en Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Sinaloa, Culiacán Rosales, 80030, Sinaloa, México.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: The growing global burden of blindness and vision loss underscores the importance of understanding regional and national epidemiological patterns and trends. This observational study examined the burden of vision impairment in Mexico in 2023 and evaluated trends from 1990 to 2023, comparing with regional estimates for Latin America & Caribbean (LAC). Methods: Using data from the Global Burden of Disease study 2023 (GBD 2023), aggregated estimates for the total population (all ages and sexes) of LAC (comprising 33 countries and territories) and Mexico (comprising 32 states) were analyzed from 1990 to 2023. Counts and age-standardized rates (per 100,000) of prevalent cases and years lived with disability (YLDs) for total vision impairment including four levels of severity were examined for LAC and Mexico (nationally and subnationally), analyzing percentage change from 1990 to 2023. Findings: In 2023, blindness and vision loss caused an estimated 61.58 million and 14.15 million prevalent cases in LAC and Mexico, respectively, increasing 162% and 172% from 1990, constituting the third leading cause of impairment at both levels, surpassed by hearing loss and anemia. Uncorrected presbyopia and moderate vision loss accounted for 89% of prevalent cases, while severe vision loss and blindness contributed 50% of the YLDs. From 1990 to 2023, the age-standardized rate of all severity levels decreased; regionally, total vision impairment caused 9410 cases (per 100,000) in 2023, a decline of -5.92% from 1990, whereas blindness alone decreased by -35.65%, with 523 cases per 100,000 in 2023. Across Mexico's 32 states, the burden exhibited a consistent downward trajectory with disparate percentages of change, demonstrating subnational heterogeneity. Interpretation: We documented an increased burden of vision impairment in LAC and Mexico, highlighting the need for targeted interventions, expanded access to vision care, and strengthened preventive measures. Addressing disparities through equitable healthcare distribution and awareness campaigns could reduce the burden of vision loss. Funding: This study received no funding.

Indexed as

Avoidable blindnessDisabilityDisease burdenPublic healthVision impairment

Identifiers

PMID42666877
PMCPMC13524452

What OpenQuestion holds

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.