ArticleFrontiers in cardiovascular medicine2026
Enhanced ECG signal based on heart rate variability: validation of the direct TR correction sequence in diabetes.
Article in Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Heart rate variability (HRV) is a critical biomarker for assessing autonomic dysfunction, particularly in elderly and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) populations. However, traditional HRV indices, derived from R-R intervals (RRIs), often fail to detect subtle autonomic dysfunction in complex clinical scenarios. This study proposes a novel Direct TRI Correction (DTRC) sequence to optimize HRV assessment by directly extracting TR intervals (DTRI) and applying a single-step correction. The aim is to enhance accuracy in evaluating HRV, particularly in elderly and T2DM cohorts, where early detection is critical for preventing cardiovascular complications. Methods: The study enrolled 124 participants (60 T2DM patients and 64 healthy controls) stratified into three groups based on glycemic control. HRV indices were derived from traditional RRI sequences, two-step corrected TRC sequences, and the novel single-step corrected DTRC sequences, respectively. Statistical analyses were performed on the HRV indices of three sequences to evaluate the comparative performance of DTRC sequences. Results: DTRC-based HRV indices demonstrated superior sensitivity and discriminative capability compared to both RRI-based and TRC-based HRV indices. Significant improvements were observed in RMSSD ( Conclusions: The DTRC sequence significantly enhances HRV assessment accuracy, offering a reliable tool for early detection of autonomic dysfunction in high-risk populations. Its simplified correction process and improved sensitivity hold promise for clinical diagnostics and wearable health monitoring applications.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.