ArticleFrontiers in chemistry2026
Multidimensional characterization of heterogeneity in pesticide co-exposure patterns.
Article in Frontiers in chemistry, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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6 authors.
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Abstract
Objectives: This study analyzed clinical data from 1641 pesticide-exposed patients screened for a total of 159 pesticide compounds admitted to Shandong First Medical University Affiliated Provincial Hospital from 1 January 2023 to 31 December 2024, aiming to elucidate the multidimensional heterogeneity of pesticide co-exposure patterns. Methods: Clinical information and biological samples were collected from all participants. Pesticide detection was performed using Agilent 7890B-7250 Q-TOF/MS and AB SCIEX Triple Quad 4500MD mass spectrometry systems. Seasonal, gender-specific, and age-group variations in pesticide exposure were assessed, and a co-occurrence network was constructed to evaluate concurrent exposure patterns and concentration distributions. Results: Herbicides exhibited the highest exposure prevalence within their respective tested sub-cohorts. Specifically, glyphosate showed a targeted detection frequency of 49.32% (144/292) among the screened individuals. Concentration peaks for glyphosate and paraquat occurred between July and September, with median levels reaching 3.42 and 3.15 log Conclusion: This study reveals distinct multidimensional heterogeneity in pesticide exposure, providing critical evidence for developing targeted intervention strategies. Tailored protective measures based on seasonal trends, gender-age subgroups, and prevalent co-exposure patterns may more effectively mitigate pesticide-related risks among agricultural populations.
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