ArticleJournal of neuroscience research2026
Resting-State Brain Entropy Reveals Altered Neural Dynamics and Cognitive Associations in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Longitudinal Study.
Article in Journal of neuroscience research, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Mild traumatic brain injury (mTBI) is associated with persistent physical, cognitive, and emotional symptoms, yet the functional brain changes that accompany recovery remain incompletely understood. This longitudinal study investigated brain entropy (BEN), a resting-state measure of irregularity or complexity of spontaneous BOLD activity derived from resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging (rs-fMRI), during the first year following mTBI. Data of rs-fMRI were acquired from 48 patients with mTBI at the acute (< 14 days), 6-month, and 12-month post-injury visits, and 34 healthy controls (HCs). BEN was quantified using sample entropy. Patients with mTBI also underwent behavioral assessments evaluating quality of life and cognitive function. Behavioral assessments demonstrated progressive improvements in patient-reported quality of life and objective cognitive performance. Cross-sectional analyses revealed dynamic, time-dependent alterations in BEN. Compared with HCs, patients with mTBI exhibited higher BEN in precuneus, temporal, occipital, and sensorimotor regions during the acute and 6-month stages, whereas lower BEN was observed in sensorimotor, occipital, and frontoparietal regions at the 12-month follow-up. Longitudinal analyses demonstrated progressive regional reductions in BEN over time. Several associations between longitudinal changes in regional BEN and cognitive performance were nominally significant, particularly in the precuneus, but none survived multiple comparison corrections. These findings indicate that mTBI recovery is accompanied by dynamic, regionally specific changes in resting state BOLD irregularity. BEN may therefore provide a promising imaging biomarker for tracking the evolving neural dynamics underlying recovery following mTBI.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.