Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42665856›Full record

ArticleJournal of food science2026

Depuration Investigation on Parasites and Bacterial Loads in Freshwater Clam (Batissa violacea) and Oyster (Crassostrea gigas) Using a Sand Filter and UV Radiation.

Ashneel Ajay Singh, Shyla Mani, Vrinda Singh, Priyansha Prasad, Jesslyn Adarshna Kumar, Siva Balan Rajan Padayachi, Swartika Prasad, Ishani Chetty, Binisha S Kapadia, Palvi Darshni and 5 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of food science, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

15 authors.

Ashneel Ajay SinghSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3529-1245
Shyla ManiSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Vrinda SinghSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Priyansha PrasadSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Jesslyn Adarshna KumarSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Siva Balan Rajan PadayachiSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Swartika PrasadSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Ishani ChettySchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Binisha S KapadiaSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Palvi DarshniSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Arjun MaharajSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Colline Kareena KumarSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Avantika SamiSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Salanieta TamaniSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.
Samuela TaucilagiSchool of Agriculture, Geography, Environment, Ocean and Natural Sciences, The University of the South Pacific, Suva, Fiji.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Freshwater clams (Batissa violacea) and oysters (Crassostrea gigas) are popular and important socioeconomic food security commodities that are commercially available to both locals and the hotel industry. Clams and oysters are consumed with various levels of preparation, ranging from raw to fully cooked. This study examined the presence and levels of bacterial and parasitic contaminants in freshwater clams and oysters from selected sites in Fiji and subjected them to depuration with a sand filter setup under ultraviolet (UV) and non-UV conditions for 50 h. Compared to the non-UV setup, the UV setup was significantly better in reducing total plate counts (TPC), coliforms, and fecal coliform (FC) for clams and FC and Vibrio spp. for oysters. The UV system had overall better performance; however, the non-UV setup also had effective performance. Multiple parasites were present in both oysters and clams. Elevated levels of FC and Vibrio spp. in both clams and oysters are a serious concern for food safety. The depuration system remained ineffective against parasites. Overall, depuration is an economical and effective system for the removal of bacterial contaminants from freshwater clams and oysters while keeping the animals in healthy and live condition. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: (1) Clams and oysters have a substantial undesirable biotic load in their bodies, which includes pathogens, heterotrophs, and parasites. (2) Depuration with sand filter and UV light setup effectively reduces TPC, coliform, fecal coliform, and Vibrio spp. loads from clams and oysters to safe levels for consumption.

Indexed as

BivalviaCrassostreaParasitesShellfishAnimalsBacterial LoadEnterobacteriaceaeFiltrationFresh WaterSandUltraviolet RaysVibrioSandaerobic plate countBatissa violaceaCrassostrea gigasdepurationfecal coliformGymnophalloides seoioysterparasitesand filterUV radiation

Identifiers

PMID42665856
PMCPMC13525090

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.