ArticleAnnals of surgical oncology2026
Urban-Rural Disparities in Treatment and Outcomes for Colorectal Liver Metastases in the United States: A SEER-Medicare Analysis.
Article in Annals of surgical oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
13 authors.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundCurative-intent resection of colorectal liver metastases (CRLM) offers an opportunity for long-term survival, yet access barriers correlated with area-level socioeconomic status (SES) and rurality may drive disparities in cancer care. Prior work shows lower liver-directed therapy use and survival in socioeconomically disadvantaged conditions, whereas the association between rurality and CRLM treatment and prognosis has not been previously studied.
methodsWe conducted a retrospective population-based cohort study using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Result-Medicare database (2000-2020) among patients aged 66-85 years with isolated CRLM. Urban-rural status was determined by using USDA Rural-Urban Commuting Area codes. Associations between rurality, receipt of therapy, and overall survival were evaluated by using multivariable logistic regression and Cox proportional hazards models, adjusting for patient and tumor characteristics.
resultsAmong 34,781 patients with isolated CRLM, 21.7% resided in rural areas. Rural patients were more likely to have rectal primary tumors (adjusted odds ratio [aOR] [95% confidence interval (CI)] 1.13 [1.04-1.24], p = 0.01) and synchronous metastatic disease (aOR [95% CI] 1.09 [1.02-1.17], p = 0.01). Rural residence was associated with higher odds of primary tumor resection (aOR [95% CI] 1.12 [1.02-1.22], p = 0.01), but lower odds of systemic chemotherapy (aOR [95% CI] 0.86 [0.81-0.92], p < 0.01) and curative-intent liver directed therapy (aOR [95% CI] 0.89 [0.80-0.99], p = 0.03). Rural residence was independently associated with worse overall survival (hazard ratio [HR] (95% CI) 1.08 [1.05-1.12], p < 0.01).
conclusionsRural patients with CRLM were less likely to receive liver directed therapy and experienced inferior survival. These findings highlight persistent geographic disparities in cancer care delivery and outcomes.
Indexed as
Identifiers
42663776What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.