Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42662712›Full record

ArticleScientific studies of reading : the official journal of the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading2025

Charting the Shift: Age as a Moderator of the Genetic and Environmental Influences on Reading.

Callie W Little, Hope Sparks Lancaster, Rachelle M Johnson, Patrick C Kennedy, Jeanette E Taylor, Colleen Ganley, Wendy Johnson, Sara A Hart

Abstract read
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In one paragraph

Article in Scientific studies of reading : the official journal of the Society for the Scientific Study of Reading, 2025. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

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No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Callie W LittleFlorida Center for Reading Research, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-1116-6730
Hope Sparks LancasterBoys Town National Research Hospital, Center for Childhood Deafness Language, and Learning, Omaha, Nebraska, USA.
Rachelle M JohnsonFlorida Center for Reading Research, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-8416-9262
Patrick C KennedyCenter on Teaching and Learning, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon, USA.
Jeanette E TaylorDepartment of Psychology, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA.
Colleen GanleyDepartment of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.
Wendy JohnsonDepartment of Psychology, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK.
Sara A HartFlorida Center for Reading Research, Florida State University, Tallahassee, Florida, USA.

Funding

THE FLORIDA LONGITUDINAL STUDYP50HD052120 · NICHD · FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Nicole Sandi Patton-Terry · 2006 to 2026
$31.7M
Assessing the links between risk factors, COVID-19 impacts, and reading skillsR01HD109292 · NICHD · FLORIDA STATE UNIVERSITY · PI Sara Ann Hart, Callie Little · 2022 to 2026
$2.9M
NICHD NIH HHS P50 HD052120NICHD NIH HHS R01 HD109292
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Reading is influenced by genes and environments throughout life. Using a U.S. twin sample (N = 1086; 564 Male: 522 Female; Age M = 7.46 years, SD = 1.57, with 90% self-reported as White, 8% Black, 1% Asian, 1% Alaskan, Native American, or Native Pacific Islander, and 11% self-reported as Hispanic), we used a Gene-by-Environment model with age as a moderator to examine how the balance of genetic and environmental influences on reading differed by age. Reading was measured with the DIBELS Next Composite from the beginning of academic year 2018/19. We observed small increasing genetic influences and larger decreasing shared environmental influences on reading from ages 5 to 7 that began to plateau around age 8. Non-shared environmental influences on reading were low and relatively stable from ages 6 through 12 following an uptick between ages 5 and 6. Our results are consistent with the bioecological framework, the emerging gene-environment-time model, and theories of reading development.

Identifiers

PMID42662712
PMCPMC13521612

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.