ReviewESMO gastrointestinal oncology2026
Claudin 18.2 expression-concordance between primary and metastatic lesions in gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Review in ESMO gastrointestinal oncology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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Authors and funding
6 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Background: Claudin 18 isoform 2 (CLDN18.2) is a clinically validated therapeutic target in gastric and gastroesophageal adenocarcinomas. Biomarker assessment in pivotal trials has largely relied on primary tumor (PT) tissue, despite growing evidence of spatial heterogeneity between PTs and metastatic lesions (MLs). This systematic review and meta-analysis evaluated concordance of CLDN18.2 expression between paired PT and ML samples. Materials and methods: PubMed, Web of Science, and Scopus were searched for studies reporting paired CLDN18.2 immunohistochemistry (IHC) results in PTs and MLs. Random-effects meta-analyses of proportions estimated overall discordance, PT-positive to ML-negative (PT Results: Eleven studies comprising 896 paired PT-ML samples were analyzed. Overall, 20.2% of cases were discordant, with a pooled discordance proportion of 21% [95% confidence interval (CI) 18-24; Conclusions: Findings indicate that CLDN18.2 expression demonstrates moderate spatial heterogeneity between PTs and MLs. Approximately one in five patients show discordance, most commonly reflecting loss of CLDN18.2 in MLs. These results suggest that single-site PT testing may not fully capture biomarker distribution across disease sites.
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