Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42661810›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in aging neuroscience2026

Sex- and age-dependent associations between waist-to-hip ratio and cognitive impairment: a cross-sectional study of rural adults aged 40 years and older in northwestern China.

Simeng Cui, Yu Zhang, Qiqi Qiang, Ziyu Liu, Peijie Liu, Liangjun Dang, Jin Wang, Wenhui Lu, Kang Huo, Yu Jiang and 8 more

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Article in Frontiers in aging neuroscience, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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1 · What the graph read from it

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4 · The record

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5 · Who and what money

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18 authors.

Simeng Cui *Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Yu Zhang *Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Qiqi Qiang *Department of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Ziyu LiuDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Peijie LiuDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Liangjun DangDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Jin WangDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Wenhui LuDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Kang HuoDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Yu JiangDepartment of Neurology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Chen ChenDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Ling GaoDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Shan WeiDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Junlong FengDepartment of Encephalopathy, Huyi District Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China.
Suixia CaoDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Suhang ShangDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Qiumin QuDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.
Meng ZhangDepartment of Neurology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Obesity is a modifiable risk factor for cognitive impairment; however, body mass index fails to capture fat distribution. Waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), reflecting central adiposity, may better characterize obesity-related differences in cognitive impairment. Nevertheless, whether the association between WHR and cognitive impairment varies by sex and age remains unclear. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 1,792 adults aged ≥40 years from rural China. Cognitive impairment was defined using education-adjusted cutoffs on the Chinese Mini-Mental Status. WHR and clinical characteristics were collected by trained investigators. Multivariable logistic regression, restricted cubic splines, stratified analyses, and interaction analyses were performed. Results: In the total population, WHR was positively associated with the odds of cognitive impairment (OR = 1.245 per SD, 95% CI: 1.022-1.517, Conclusion: Our findings show that WHR is associated with screening-defined cognitive impairment, with patterns that may differ by sex and age. Females exhibited a possible nonlinear association, whereas in males the association was mainly observed in midlife. These findings highlight central adiposity as an important correlate of cognitive impairment. Given the rural single-region sample, larger longitudinal studies with clinically adjudicated outcomes are warranted to assess generalizability and clarify temporal associations.

Indexed as

agecognitive impairmentcross-sectional studyrural Chinasexwaist-to-hip ratio

Identifiers

PMID42661810
PMCPMC13518583

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