ArticleEuropean journal of applied physiology2026
Muscle architectural and performance adaptations following an 8-week sprint-focused training intervention.
Article in European journal of applied physiology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Muscle fascicle length is a key determinant of sprint performance, with lengthening adaptations observed following eccentric strength training or combined sprint and resistance interventions. However, whether sprint-focused training can induce meaningful architectural adaptations, independent of concurrent sport-related training, remains unclear. Fourteen participants (10 female, 4 male; age 21.6 ± 3.3 years; body mass 68.0 ± 11.8 kg) completed an 8-week speed training intervention using a single-group design. Training sessions consisted of maximal velocity and resisted sprinting, technical acceleration drills, and a low volume of back squats to maintain baseline strength, with no additional lower-body training permitted. Vastus lateralis (VL) and biceps femoris long head (BFlh) fascicle length was estimated using 2-D ultrasound, alongside 40-metre sprint, jump and maximal strength tests. Significant increases in fascicle length were observed in the BFlh (left: 2.23 cm, 95%CI 1.75 to 2.70, p < 0.0001; right: 2.44 cm, 95%CI 1.99 to 2.90, p < 0.0001) and VL (left: 0.32 cm, 95%CI 0.83 to 1.81, p < 0.0001; right: 1.48 cm, 95%CI 0.95 to 2.01, p < 0.0001). Large effect sizes were evident across all muscles (g = 1.40-2.03, 95% CI 0.86 to 2.46). No significant main effects for time were observed for sprint, jump or strength outcomes, however, small effect size improvements were evident for flying 10-m (g = -0.27, 95% CI -0.46 to -0.09) performance. These findings indicate that sprint-focused training may be sufficient to elicit meaningful increases in muscle fascicle length, despite small performance change.
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