Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42661066›Full record

ArticleSurgical endoscopy2026

Patient's weight-based indocyanine green dose for fluorescence angiography with led imaging system in left-sided colorectal resections.

Ludovica Baldari, Francesco Porretta, Elisa Cassinotti, Luigi Boni

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Article in Surgical endoscopy, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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5 · Who and what money

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4 authors.

Ludovica BaldariDepartment of General and Minimally-Invasive Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7029-8485
Francesco PorrettaDepartment of General and Minimally-Invasive Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
Elisa CassinottiDepartment of General and Minimally-Invasive Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy.
Luigi BoniDepartment of General and Minimally-Invasive Surgery, Fondazione IRCCS Ca' Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Via Francesco Sforza 35, 20122, Milan, Italy. luigi.boni@unimi.it.

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundOne limitation of indocyanine green (ICG) fluorescence angiography (FA) is that, following intravenous administration, the dye produces residual background fluorescence impeding accurate perfusion assessment if a second injection is required. This study aimed to identify the optimal patient weight-based ICG dose able to create a strong fluorescent signal at the level of descending colon transection and, at the same time, to ensure none or minimal background fluorescence before second FA for perfusion assessment of colorectal anastomosis.

methodsThe first part of the study was used to define the ideal ICG doses, for overlay mode and monochromatic mode, to perform FA through the bisection method. In the second part of the study, the two doses were tested in 40 consecutive left-sided colorectal resections each, using an LED fluorescence system. Fluorescence intensity was assessed subjectively by a dose-blinded surgeon and objectively using image analysis software at three time points: after first ICG injection to identify descending colon transection line; before second injection, to define background fluorescence; after second injection, to define colorectal anastomosis fluorescence intensity.

resultsSixteen patients were included in the first part of the study and 80 patients in the second one. The ICG doses equal to 0.027 mg/kg, for overlay mode, and 0.0108 mg/kg, for monochromatic mode, are associated with medium-to-maximum subjective and objective signal intensity during perfusion assessment of both descending colon, during transection line identification, and colorectal anastomosis. Background fluorescence was assessed a median of 19 (9-90 overlay, 10-96 monochromatic subgroups) minutes after dye injection, showing no recognizable fluorescence in overlay subgroup and minimal fluorescence in monochromatic subgroup.

conclusionICG doses calculated at 0.027 mg/kg, for overlay mode, and 0.0108 mg/kg, for monochromatic mode allow ideal intraoperative visualization during perfusion assessment of left-sided colorectal resections with ICG FA using an LED system.

Indexed as

Fluorescence angiographyIndocyanine green dilutionIndocyanine green doseLeft-sided colorectal resectionsPerfusion assessment

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.