Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42658167›Full record

SynthesisProceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center)2026

Efficacy and safety of durvalumab with or without tremelimumab in the treatment of metastatic non-small cell lung cancer: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Ursula Medeiros Araujo de Matos, Moana Divina da Silva Santiago, Henrique Guimaraes Barbosa Coelho, Fatih Kaner, Nathaniel Robinson

Abstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. When is more simply more?Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2026
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Ursula Medeiros Araujo de MatosDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.ORCID 0000-0001-7074-2905
Moana Divina da Silva SantiagoDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.
Henrique Guimaraes Barbosa CoelhoDepartment of Internal Medicine, University of Colorado, Aurora, Colorado, USA.
Fatih KanerDepartment of Internal Medicine, Marion Health, Marion, Indiana, USA.
Nathaniel RobinsonDepartment of Hematology and Oncology, University of Connecticut, Farmington, Connecticut, USA.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe therapeutic role of combining PD-L1 and CTLA-4 blockade in metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) remains unclear, with individual trials yielding discrepant results.

methodsWe conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to assess the efficacy and safety of durvalumab with or without tremelimumab in advanced NSCLC. The primary outcome was overall survival. Secondary outcomes included immune-related adverse events. Hazard ratios (HRs) and odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were pooled using random- or fixed-effects models according to heterogeneity.

resultsThree RCTs (MYSTIC, ARCTIC, and POSEIDON) enrolling 2726 patients met inclusion criteria. Combined analysis showed no significant overall survival benefit with durvalumab plus tremelimumab compared to durvalumab alone (HR 0.97; 95% CI, 0.74-1.27). Pooled analysis of immune-related adverse events demonstrated significantly higher risks in the tremelimumab-containing arms.

conclusionsIn metastatic NSCLC, the addition of tremelimumab to durvalumab does not confer a statistically significant overall survival advantage in unselected populations and is associated with a marked increase in immune-mediated toxicities. Benefits may be restricted to biomarker-defined subgroups, but these findings remain exploratory. Further prospective studies are needed to clarify the optimal role of CTLA-4 blockade in combination immunotherapy.

Indexed as

Antibodies, MonoclonalAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicalAntineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy ProtocolsCarcinoma, Non-Small-Cell LungLung NeoplasmsHumansNeoplasm MetastasisRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicAntibodies, MonoclonalAntibodies, Monoclonal, HumanizedAntineoplastic Agents, ImmunologicaldurvalumabtremelimumabCTLA-4 inhibitordurvalumabnon–small cell lung canceroverall survivalPD-L1 inhibitortoxicity profiletremelimumab

Identifiers

PMID42658167
PMCPMC13523958

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.