Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42658045›Full record

Observational studyJournal of obesity2026

Effectiveness of Liraglutide in Patients With Obesity Who Are Early Non-Responders to Lifestyle Intervention: A Real-World Study.

Luisa Gilardini, Verdiana Vincenti, Marina Croci, Silvia Martinelli, Lucia Pasqualinotto, Paola Toja, Luca Cavaggioni, Simona Bertoli

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Journal of obesity, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 1 paper.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
1citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

1 citing paper in PubMed.

  1. Observational
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Luisa GilardiniObesity Unit - Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy, auxologico.it.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2546-0439
Verdiana VincentiObesity Unit - Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy, auxologico.it.
Marina CrociObesity Unit - Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy, auxologico.it.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6022-2607
Silvia MartinelliObesity Unit - Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy, auxologico.it.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7254-5988
Lucia PasqualinottoObesity Unit - Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy, auxologico.it.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3106-8203
Paola TojaObesity Unit - Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy, auxologico.it.
Luca CavaggioniObesity Unit - Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy, auxologico.it.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9262-0500
Simona BertoliObesity Unit - Laboratory of Nutrition and Obesity Research, Department of Endocrine and Metabolic Diseases, IRCCS Istituto Auxologico Italiano, Milan, Italy, auxologico.it.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5867-8074

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThis prospective, observational study examined the efficacy of liraglutide in subjects with obesity who did not experience early weight loss during a behavioral intervention in a real-world setting.

methodsThe weight loss intervention lasted for 12 weeks, and at Week 6, we offered liraglutide to subjects who had lost less than 2.5% of their body weight (early unresponder (eUR)). Before and after the intervention, anthropometry, body composition, blood pressure, level of physical activity, nutrition knowledge, quality of life, and daytime sleepiness were assessed.

resultsOf 174 participants, 78 subjects were classified as early unresponders: 21 (27%) agreed to start liraglutide therapy (eUR-LT), and 57 declined (eUR-NLT), primarily due to the out-of-pocket cost. Liraglutide was well tolerated. Four subjects complained of nausea and two of epigastralgia. During the 6-12-week period, the weight loss was -3.5 ± 1.8 kg (-3.2%) in the eUR-LT group and -1.3 ± 1.6 kg (-1.4%) in the eUR-NLT, p < 0.001. Using liraglutide therapy, baseline body mass index, sex, age, and weight change at 6 weeks as independent variables, the multivariate regression analysis found that only liraglutide therapy was significantly associated with weight loss from Week 6 to Week 12 (p < 0.001). After 12 weeks, total weight loss was -6.0 ± 2.4 kg (-5.3%) in group eUR-LT, -2.4 ± 1.9 kg (-2.4%) in group eUR-NLT, and -6.2 ± 2.3 kg (-6.3%) in group eR. In the eUR-LT group, 66.7% lost ≥ 5% of the initial weight; in group eUR-NLT, 14%; and in group eR, 72.9%.

conclusionLiraglutide therapy is beneficial for individuals with obesity who do not respond early to lifestyle intervention. However, the high cost of the drug remains a barrier to its use.

Indexed as

Life StyleLiraglutideObesityAdultFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedProspective StudiesQuality of LifeTreatment OutcomeWeight LossLiraglutidelifestyle interventionliraglutideobesityweight loss

Identifiers

PMID42658045
PMCPMC13520785

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.