ArticleHealth science reports2026
Colorectal Cancer and Intestinal Protozoan Infections: Prevalence, Risk Factors, and Molecular Confirmation in Western Iran: A Descriptive Case-Control Study.
Article in Health science reports, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background and Aims: Infections are recognized contributors to cancer development. This study aimed to assess the prevalence, socio-demographic characteristics, and risk factors associated with intestinal protozoan parasites in patients with colorectal cancer (CRC) in Western Iran. Methods: This descriptive case-control study enrolled 174 CRC patients and 174 non-CRC healthy controls receiving care at general hospitals in Lorestan Province between October 2022 and August 2024. Fresh stool samples were examined using direct smear, Lugol's iodine, formalin-ether concentration, and permanent staining (Giemsa and Trichrome). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) was performed on all samples testing positive for Results: Intestinal protozoan infections were detected in 24/174 (13.8%) CRC patients and 8/174 (4.6%) non-CRC controls. CRC patients had significantly higher odds of intestinal protozoan infection than non-CRC controls (OR = 3.32, 95% CI: 1.45-7.61; Fisher's exact Conclusion: This study found a higher prevalence of intestinal protozoan parasites in CRC patients compared to controls, emphasizing the clinical importance of parasitic infections in this population. Routine screening, improved sanitation, and public health interventions are recommended to reduce infection risks. Further research is needed to explore the long-term impact of these parasites on cancer progression and immune function.
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