ArticleResearch and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis2026
Association between cardiorespiratory fitness and risk of incident venous thromboembolism: a prospective cohort study.
Article in Research and practice in thrombosis and haemostasis, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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8 authors.
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Abstract
Background: Venous thromboembolism (VTE) is a leading cardiovascular disease with substantial burden, yet the association between cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and VTE risk remains inconclusive. Objectives: This study is aimed to investigate the association of CRF with incident VTE, and quantify the mediating effects of circulating biomarkers. Methods: A total of 63,755 participants from the UK Biobank without prior VTE were included. CRF was estimated using a submaximal cycle ergometer test and classified into low (<20th percentile), moderate (20th-60th percentile), and high (>60th percentile) categories, standardized by sex and 10-year age groups. VTE was ascertained through linkage to national health records. Cox proportional hazards models adjusted for potential confounders were used to estimate hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% CIs. Polygenic risk scores for VTE were categorized into low, middle, and high tertiles. Mediation analyses were performed to assess the contribution of circulating biomarkers. Results: During a median follow-up of 12.5 years, 1744 incident VTE cases were documented. Each 1-metabolic equivalents increment in CRF was associated with an 8% lower VTE risk (HR 0.92, 95% CI 0.89-0.95). Compared with low CRF, high CRF was associated with a 27% lower risk (HR 0.73, 95% CI 0.63-0.84). The inverse association was consistently observed across all genetic risk strata. C-reactive protein, alkaline phosphatase, gamma-glutamyl transferase, cystatin C, and creatinine were estimated to account for 21.5% of this association. Conclusion: Higher CRF is associated with a lower VTE risk, regardless of genetic susceptibility. Inflammation, hepatobiliary enzymes, and renal function markers may account for a portion of this association.
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