ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Never tested for HIV? Characteristics of first-time testers among MSM in Chongqing and Chengdu, China.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Men who have sex with men (MSM) are disproportionately affected by HIV, and initial HIV testing is a critical entry point for early diagnosis and treatment. However, factors associated with first-time HIV testing among MSM in the Chengdu-Chongqing region remain unclear. This study aims to assess HIV testing coverage and identify factors associated with first-time HIV testing among MSM in this region, thereby providing scientific evidence to help achieve the UNAIDS 95-95-95 targets, which include diagnosing 95% of people living with HIV by 2030. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted through community-based organizations in Chengdu and Chongqing from August to December 2024. Data on socio-demographics, sexual behaviors, sexually transmitted infection (STI) history, new psychoactive substance (NPS) use, and HIV testing history were collected using a structured questionnaire. Chi-square tests and multivariable logistic regression were employed to identify factors associated with first-time HIV testing. Results: Of the 514 MSM included, 156 (30.4%) were identified as first-time testers. Multivariable logistic regression revealed that the absence of group sex in the past month was associated with an increased likelihood of first-time testing (aOR = 3.22, 95% CI: 1.08-9.56). In contrast, MSM with a college degree or higher (aOR = 0.46, 95% CI: 0.23-0.93) and a history of STI in the past year (aOR = 0.13, 95% CI: 0.02-0.99) were associated with a decreased likelihood of first-time testing. Conclusion: Approximately one-third of MSM in Chengdu and Chongqing have never been tested for HIV. We recommend enhanced, targeted interventions for lower-educated MSM, along with integrated HIV and STI testing services, to increase HIV testing uptake among MSM and achieve the goal of diagnosing 95% of individuals infected with HIV by 2030.
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