Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42656593›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in immunology2026

Genomic landscape of HIV-1 proviruses in ART-treated immunological non-responders.

Shengquan Tang, Yue Wang, Yanqiu Lu, Zhen Tong, Jiahui Guo, Yizhi Cui, Vijay Harypursat, Yemiao Chen, Jing Ouyang, Huan Li and 3 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in immunology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors.

Shengquan Tang *Department of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China.
Yue Wang *Chongqing Key Laboratory of Highly Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing Research Center for Disease Prevention and Public Health, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chongqing Academy of Preventive Medicine), Chongqing, China.
Yanqiu LuDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China.
Zhen TongChongqing Key Laboratory of Highly Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing Research Center for Disease Prevention and Public Health, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chongqing Academy of Preventive Medicine), Chongqing, China.
Jiahui GuoThe First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Yizhi CuiThe First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Vijay HarypursatDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China.
Yemiao ChenDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China.
Jing OuyangDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China.
Huan LiDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China.
Tong WangThe First Affiliated Hospital, MOE Key Laboratory of Tumor Molecular Biology, College of Life Science and Technology, Jinan University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China.
Quanhua ZhouChongqing Key Laboratory of Highly Pathogenic Microbes, Chongqing Research Center for Disease Prevention and Public Health, Chongqing Center for Disease Control and Prevention (Chongqing Academy of Preventive Medicine), Chongqing, China.
Yaokai ChenDepartment of Infectious Diseases, Chongqing Public Health Medical Center, Chongqing, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Immunological non-responders (INRs) and immunological responders (IRs) exhibit distinct patterns of immune reconstitution despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART); however, the genetic characteristics of the HIV-1 reservoir in these groups remain poorly understood. This study investigates the landscape of HIV-1 proviruses in INRs and IRs, and its potential association with immune reconstitution. Methods: Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 10 ART-treated INRs and 10 IRs were analyzed using near-full-length HIV-1 DNA amplification and PacBio third-generation sequencing to characterize genetically intact and defective proviral genomes. Intact open reading frames (ORFs) were further inferred using the CFEIntact tool. Results: Compared with IRs, INRs had a higher total proviral genome per 10 Discussion: Our study reveals a distinct proviral landscape in ART-treated INRs, characterized by elevated levels of intact proviral genomes. These observations suggest that the intact component of the reservoir may represent a clinically relevant feature of incomplete immune reconstitution, and provide a rationale for further studies of reservoir-directed interventions in this population.

Indexed as

Genome, ViralHIV-1HIV InfectionsProvirusesDNA, ViralGenomicsHumansLeukocytes, MononuclearOpen Reading FramesViral LoadDNA, ViralHIV reservoirimmunological non-respondersintact and defective provirusnear full-length sequencingproviral integrity

Identifiers

PMID42656593
PMCPMC13506732

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.