Blood pressure variability and blood pressure rhythm phenotypes in children with severe encephalitis complicated by paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity.

Yufan Yang, Hengyun He, Wang Chen, Xinping Zhang, Jiyan Zhang, Jiaotian Huang, Xiulan Lu, Zhenghui Xiao

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Article in Frontiers in pharmacology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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8 authors.

Yufan Yang *Department of Intensive Care Unit, The School of Pediatrics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China (Hunan Children's Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, China.

Hengyun He *Department of Intensive Care Unit, The School of Pediatrics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China (Hunan Children's Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, China.

Wang ChenDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, The School of Pediatrics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China (Hunan Children's Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, China.

Xinping ZhangDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, The School of Pediatrics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China (Hunan Children's Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, China.

Jiyan ZhangRespiratory Department, The School of Pediatrics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China (Hunan Children's Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, China.

Jiaotian HuangDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, The School of Pediatrics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China (Hunan Children's Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, China.

Xiulan LuDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, The School of Pediatrics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China (Hunan Children's Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, China.

Zhenghui XiaoDepartment of Intensive Care Unit, The School of Pediatrics, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China (Hunan Children's Hospital), Changsha, Hunan, China.

Funding

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6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: This study aimed to assess the effects of comorbid paroxysmal sympathetic hyperactivity (PSH) on disease severity, resource utilization, and the prognosis, thereby providing a basis for the identification and management of severe encephalitis with PSH in children. Methods: A retrospective analysis was conducted on the general clinical data, PSH-related manifestations, and resource utilization of children with severe encephalitis complicated by PSH who were admitted to the Pediatric Intensive Care Unit (PICU) of Hunan Children's Hospital from January 2020 to December 2025. Results: A total of 28 children with severe encephalitis complicated by PSH were included. The distribution of blood pressure rhythm phenotypes was as follows: a nondipper pattern in 16 patients (57.1%) and a reverse-dipper pattern in 12 patients (42.9%), with no dipper or extreme-dipper patterns observed. A poor prognosis was observed in 16 patients (57.1%), including 5 fatalities. Furthermore, the PSH group had a significantly longer PICU length of stay, an increased duration of ventilator-assisted ventilation, a higher rate of mechanical ventilation use, and greater total hospitalization costs (all Conclusion: The majority of children with severe encephalitis complicated by PSH exhibited a nondipper or reverse-dipper blood pressure rhythm phenotype. Diastolic blood pressure variability and the GCS score at admission were associated with the prognosis. Compared with those in the control group, the children in the PSH-complicated group were older, experienced prolonged PICU stays, required more mechanical ventilation, and incurred significantly higher hospitalization costs.

Indexed as

blood pressure rhythm phenotypeblood pressure variabilitychildrenparoxysmal sympathetic hyperactivitysevere encephalitis

Identifiers

PMID42656508

DOI10.3389/fphar.2026.1906876

PMCPMC13506942

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.