ArticleFrontiers in public health2026
Knowledge, attitudes, and practices in cardiometabolic health among adolescents and adults in HIV care in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania.
Article in Frontiers in public health, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
Background: Although integration of cardiometabolic conditions (CMC) prevention into HIV care is increasingly prioritized, limited evidence exists on the CMC knowledge, attitudes, and practices (KAP) of people living with HIV (PLWH). We examined cardiometabolic KAP among PLWH to inform age-appropriate interventions aimed at improving KAP and reducing CMC risk. Methods: A facility-based cross-sectional survey was conducted from April to May 2025 among adolescents (13-19 years) and adults (≥20 years) living with HIV attending six randomly selected HIV care and treatment clinics in Dar es Salaam, Tanzania. Participants were recruited consecutively. Knowledge, attitudes, and practices were assessed using a questionnaire adapted from the WHO STEPwise approach and the Global Physical Activity Questionnaire. KAP scores were categorized using modified Bloom's cut-off criteria. Factors associated with KAP were assessed using generalized Poisson mixed-effects regression models accounting for clustering by health facility. Results: We enrolled 488 participants: 51.0% (249) were female; 20.1% (98) were adolescents (median age 17 years, IQR 14-19), and 79.9% (390) were adults (median age 41 years, IQR 32-49). Adolescents demonstrated higher knowledge of CMC risk factors than adults (75.3% vs. 55.9%, Conclusion: Sociodemographic factors were associated with differing KAP for CMCs risk reduction. Strengthening HIV services with age-specific strategies to improve cardiometabolic knowledge, attitudes, and preventive practices may support healthier behaviours and strengthen integrated cardiometabolic prevention within HIV care.
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