Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42656286›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in endocrinology2026

The distribution of neonicotinoids and their metabolites in paired semen and urine samples and associations with male reproductive hormones.

Lu Zhang, Li-Jun Lei, Zi-Jun Zhou, Qing-Shuang Yang, Fang-Di Dong, Zhi-Wei Xue, Jiao-Jing Liu, Ling-Yuan Wu, Zhi-Peng Cheng, Yu-Bin Ding and 1 more

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Article in Frontiers in endocrinology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

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Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

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PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Lu Zhang *Assisted Reproductive Center, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China.
Li-Jun Lei *Assisted Reproductive Center, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China.
Zi-Jun ZhouMOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Qing-Shuang YangJoint International Research Laboratory of Reproduction and Development of the Ministry of Education of China, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China.
Fang-Di DongAssisted Reproductive Center, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China.
Zhi-Wei XueAssisted Reproductive Center, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China.
Jiao-Jing LiuAssisted Reproductive Center, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China.
Ling-Yuan WuAssisted Reproductive Center, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China.
Zhi-Peng ChengMOE Key Laboratory of Pollution Processes and Environmental Criteria, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nankai University, Tianjin, China.
Yu-Bin DingAssisted Reproductive Center, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China.
Hui-Jun YangAssisted Reproductive Center, Key Laboratory of Birth Regulation and Control Technology of National Health Commission of China, Shandong Provincial Key Medical and Health Discipline of Reproductive Medicine, Shandong Provincial Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital Affiliated to Qingdao University, Jinan, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Background: Neonicotinoids (NEOs) are widely used pesticides with potential endocrine-disrupting properties, yet their distribution in human reproductive matrices and associations with male reproductive hormones remain unclear. Methods: We analyzed 146 paired semen and urine samples to characterize the distribution of 14 NEOs and their metabolites (m-NEOs) and to examine associations with male reproductive hormones. Concentrations were compared across matrices, and associations with follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), testosterone (T), prolactin (PRL), estradiol (E Results: Detection frequencies ranged from 43.2% to 100% in urine and 19.9% to 99.3% in semen, with Desnitro-dinotefuran (DN) and Desmethyl-acetamiprid (DM-ACE) predominant in urine and DN and Acetamiprid (ACE) enriched in semen. Partitioning analysis revealed three distinct compound clusters: (1) DN, ACE, and Imidacloprid-urea (IMI-urea) enriched in semen; (2) Dinotefuran-urea (UF), Imidacloprid (IMI), Imidaclothiz (IMIT), and 5-Hydroxy-imidacloprid (5-OH-IMI); and (3) DM-ACE, Desnitro-imidacloprid (DN-IMI), Desnitro-imidacloprid-olefin (DN-IMI-olefin), and Clothianidin (CLO) predominantly excreted in urine. In EWAS and DSA, several nominal associations with hormones were observed. Nominal associations were observed between seminal CLO and FSH, DN and E Conclusion: NEOs and m-NEOs show distinct partitioning patterns between urine and semen, suggesting differential tissue distribution. Although several nominal associations with reproductive hormones were identified, none remained statistically significant after multiple-testing correction, indicating that these findings should be considered hypothesis-generating rather than conclusive. Further studies with larger populations and repeated measurements are needed to validate these associations and clarify the reproductive implications of NEO exposure in men.

Indexed as

Endocrine DisruptorsInsecticidesNeonicotinoidsSemenAdultFollicle Stimulating HormoneHumansLuteinizing HormoneMaleTestosteroneEndocrine DisruptorsFollicle Stimulating HormoneInsecticidesLuteinizing HormoneNeonicotinoidsTestosteronehuman biomonitoringneonicotinoid insecticidesreproductive hormonesemenurine

Identifiers

PMID42656286
PMCPMC13506491

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.