Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42656282›Full record

ArticleFrontiers in neurology2026

Endovascular treatment of congenital arteriovenous fistulas in the parotid region using coils and absolute ethanol.

Zilu Wang, Yuchen Shen, Zhenfeng Wang, Yifeng Han, Lianzhou Zheng, Mingzhe Wen, Xitao Yang, Ruoyu Di, Lixin Su, Deming Wang and 1 more

Abstract read
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Article in Frontiers in neurology, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors.

Zilu Wang *Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Yuchen Shen *Department of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Zhenfeng WangDepartment of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Yifeng HanDepartment of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Lianzhou ZhengDepartment of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Mingzhe WenDepartment of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Xitao YangDepartment of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Ruoyu DiDepartment of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Lixin SuDepartment of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Deming WangDepartment of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.
Xindong FanDepartment of Interventional Therapy, Multidisciplinary Team of Vascular Anomalies, Shanghai Ninth People's Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Objective: To evaluate the clinical features and therapeutic outcomes of endovascular embolization for congenital arteriovenous fistulas (cAVFs) located in the parotid region. Methods: Fifteen consecutive patients with parotid cAVFs who underwent endovascular embolization between September 2017 and September 2025 were retrospectively reviewed. The cohort comprised nine males and six females, including six children (median age: 4 years) and nine adults (median age: 35 years). Clinical presentations, computed tomography imaging, and digital subtraction angiography data were analyzed. The therapeutic protocol involved primary coil embolization of the dilated draining vein to achieve flow reduction, followed by the targeted administration of absolute ethanol to obliterate the residual shunt. Results: The predominant clinical manifestations were pulsation (14/15, 93.3%), followed by thrill (7/15, 46.7%), elevated skin temperature (7/15, 46.7%), tinnitus (3/15, 20%), and hemorrhage (1/15, 6.7%). All patients were managed via combined embolization using detachable coils (median: 7), fibered coils (median: 21), and absolute ethanol (median: 10 mL). The complete response rate was 86.7% (13/15) at the 3-month and 6-month follow-ups after the initial treatment. At the 1-year follow-up, the final complete symptom resolution rate reached 100% (15/15) after repeat sessions in selected cases. Complications included transient localized swelling (15/15, 100%), temporary facial nerve paralysis (1/15, 6.7%), and late coil exposure via the external auditory canal (1/15, 6.7%), all of which resolved with targeted management. Conclusion: Endovascular embolization using a combination of coils and absolute ethanol is a clinically viable and effective strategy for the management of parotid cAVFs. While localized swelling is a universal post-procedural event, major systemic complications are rare, rendering this technique a valuable minimally invasive alternative to open surgery.

Indexed as

Arteriovenous FistulaEmbolization, TherapeuticEndovascular ProceduresEthanolParotid RegionAdolescentAdultAngiography, Digital SubtractionChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansMaleMiddle AgedRetrospective StudiesTreatment OutcomeEthanolabsolute ethanolcongenital arteriovenous fistuladetachable coilsendovascular embolizationparotid gland

Identifiers

PMID42656282
PMCPMC13506415

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.