ArticleAmerican journal of botany2026
Incomplete climate-driven peripatric speciation in Moehringia sect. Moehringia (Caryophyllaceae) in the European Alps.
Article in American journal of botany, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
premiseThe origin of endemic species in the European Alps is commonly attributed to the climatic oscillations of the Quaternary. Moehringia sect. Moehringia, with 12 of 15 species endemic to the Alps and mostly restricted to well-known glacial refugia, is a prime system for investigating the diversification of a lineage originating in the Alps.
methodsWe used all species in this lineage, most of which were represented by multiple accessions, and a target enrichment approach with baits specifically designed for Moehringia to obtain a phylogenetic tree from 829 nuclear loci. We also dated the phylogenetic tree with a molecular clock approach.
resultsMost species originated in the Quaternary. Four regionally distributed species (M. intermedia, M. markgrafii, M. papulosa, M. tommasinii), all nested within the widespread M. muscosa, were found to be between 1.36 and 0.25 million years old. Moehringia muscosa and the four species derived from it differ in habitat, leaf succulence, and glaucousness.
conclusionsBecause the widespread species has not coalesced into monophyly and the regionally distributed species have evolved in glacial refugia, we consider speciation in this lineage incomplete and climate-driven. Divergence in habitat and leaf morphology between the widespread and the derived species suggests a role of adaptive evolution.
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