Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42655988›Full record

ArticleWater environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation2026

Analysis of the Factors Influencing Nitrate Nitrogen Concentration Using Structural Equation Modeling: Integrating Natural Environmental and Hydrological Factors.

Jiayun Ji, Yingqiu Xia, Yang Liu, Dan Wang, Xiao Xiao

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Water environment research : a research publication of the Water Environment Federation, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

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0citing papers in PubMed
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1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors.

Jiayun JiSchool of Urban Geology and Engineering, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0000-2741-3604
Yingqiu XiaSchool of Urban Geology and Engineering, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.
Yang LiuSchool of Water Resources and Environment, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0005-2659-6783
Dan WangSchool of Water Resources and Environment, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0437-2381
Xiao XiaoSchool of Water Resources and Environment, Hebei GEO University, Shijiazhuang, Hebei, China.ORCID https://orcid.org/0009-0002-0136-1265

Funding

Hebei Natural Science Foundation D2022403016Hebei Natural Science Foundation D2025403076Hebei Province Collaborative Innovation Center for Sustainable Utilization of Water Resources and optimization of Industrial Structure XTZX01Hebei Provincial Department of Education Graduate Innovation Ability Training Funding Project CXZZSS2025103Student Research Project of Hebei GEO University KAG202504
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Identifying and quantifying the factors influencing nitrate-nitrogen concentration is essential for controlling groundwater pollution and performing source apportionment. This study aimed to analyze the driving forces of nitrate-nitrogen contamination by integrating correlation analysis and structural equation modeling (SEM). The results indicated that the study area was affected by multiple combined factors, primarily agricultural activities, fecal contamination, and domestic sewage, while industrial sources also contributed to nitrate-nitrogen levels. Different land use types exert varying influences on nitrate concentrations. Both precipitation (PRCP) and groundwater table depth (DTW) negatively correlated with nitrate-nitrogen concentration. Nitrate-nitrogen was also correlated with sulfate, chloride, strontium, copper, fluoride, and hexavalent chromium. The relative influence of different factors on nitrate-nitrogen concentration followed the order: cultivated land > construction land > sulfate > DTW > strontium > PRCP > hexavalent chromium > fluoride > copper > grassland > water area > chloride. By integrating natural environmental and hydrological factors, and applying correlation analysis and SEM, the study effectively identified and visualized the complex interactions among influencing variables. These findings provide valuable insights for nitrate pollution control in groundwater within the Hutuo River alluvial-pluvial fan region.

Indexed as

GroundwaterNitratesNitrogenWater Pollutants, ChemicalEnvironmental MonitoringHydrologyModels, TheoreticalNitratesNitrogenWater Pollutants, Chemicalinfluencing factorsnitrateSEM model

Identifiers

PMID42655988
PMCPMC13519361

What OpenQuestion holds

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Registered trials

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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.