Evidence map›Paper›PMID 42655176›Full record

ReviewMicroorganisms2026

Closing the Loop with Gates: A Scale-up-Gated Design-Build-Test-Learn Framework for Industrial Fermentation.

Xiang He, Yanling Hu, Yao Zhu, Xinli Li, Kenan Wang, Liqing Dong, Xiaolong He, Yueqin Liu, Jianzhao Qi, Pengfei Jin

Abstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Microorganisms, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
0citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

0 citing papers in PubMed.

No citing paper in PubMed yet.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors.

Xiang HeShaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Resource Plants on the Loess Plateau, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Resources Development and Green Recycling of the University of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
Yanling HuShaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Resource Plants on the Loess Plateau, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Resources Development and Green Recycling of the University of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
Yao ZhuShaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Resource Plants on the Loess Plateau, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Resources Development and Green Recycling of the University of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
Xinli LiShaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Resource Plants on the Loess Plateau, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Resources Development and Green Recycling of the University of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
Kenan WangShaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Resource Plants on the Loess Plateau, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Resources Development and Green Recycling of the University of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
Liqing DongShaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Resource Plants on the Loess Plateau, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Resources Development and Green Recycling of the University of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
Xiaolong HeShaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Resource Plants on the Loess Plateau, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Resources Development and Green Recycling of the University of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
Yueqin LiuShaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Resource Plants on the Loess Plateau, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Resources Development and Green Recycling of the University of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.
Jianzhao QiCenter of Edible Fungi, Northwest A&F University, Yangling, Xianyang 712100, China.ORCID 0000-0003-1418-873X
Pengfei JinShaanxi Key Laboratory of Research and Utilization of Resource Plants on the Loess Plateau, Engineering Research Center of Microbial Resources Development and Green Recycling of the University of Shaanxi Province, College of Life Science, Yan'an University, Yan'an 716000, China.ORCID 0000-0002-0310-4433

Funding

National University Student Innovation and Entrepreneurship Training Program of China No.202410719066, D2024143, D2025081 and D2025215PhD Student Research Startup Fund of Yan'an University No.YAU202303863Scientific Research Funding Program of the Department of Education of Shaanxi Province No.24JR164Shaanxi Provincial Natural Science Basic Research Program No.2024JC-YBQN-0208
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The global fermentation industry faces persistent bottlenecks in scaling laboratory innovations to industrial production, and the integration of synthetic biology (SynBio) and artificial intelligence (AI) within the Design-Build-Test-Learn (DBTL) loop has yielded inconsistent industrial outcomes. This review proposes that transformative impact requires a "scale-up-gated DBTL" framework, in which explicit decision gates constrain every iteration. At the Design phase, scale-down simulation data must inform genetic design choices. At the Test phase, downstream processing compatibility and industrial robustness metrics are enforced as non-negotiable evaluation criteria. At the Learn phase, techno-economic analysis (TEA) and life-cycle assessment (LCA) serve as the convergence criteria, replacing traditional titer plateaus. Through a qualitative cross-sectoral analysis of food, pharmaceutical, agricultural, and energy fermentation, the analysis reveals that workflows incorporating such constraints consistently bridge the valley of death, whereas unconstrained DBTL systematically converges on laboratory optima that are industrially unviable. Five strategic priorities are outlined-embedding TEA/LCA into DBTL, adopting scale-down simulation, building open fermentation data repositories, harmonizing regulatory frameworks, and fostering cross-disciplinary training-as prerequisites for progressing toward fully autonomous, scale-up-aware biomanufacturing.

Indexed as

artificial intelligenceDesign–Build–Test–Learn loopfermentation industryindustrial biomanufacturingscale-up constraintssynthetic biology

Identifiers

PMID42655176
PMCPMC13515655

What OpenQuestion holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.