ArticleNutrients2026
Clustering of Unhealthy Diets, Inflammation Levels, and Depressive Symptoms in Chinese Adolescents: A Longitudinal Study.
Article in Nutrients, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesStudies suggest a potential link between dietary behaviors, inflammation, and depressive symptoms in adolescents, but longitudinal evidence remains scarce. This study examines the longitudinal associations among unhealthy diets, inflammatory markers, and depressive symptoms in Chinese adolescents.
methodsThis prospective longitudinal study enrolled 1693 middle school students (52.3% female) from Yunnan Province, China. Participants were assessed at five waves: October 2022 (T1), June 2023 (T2), October 2023 (T3), June 2024 (T4), and October 2024 (T5). Unhealthy dietary behaviors were assessed using a Food Frequency Questionnaire, and depressive symptoms were measured with the Children's Depression Inventory. Blood samples were collected to measure inflammatory markers. Generalized estimating equations, generalized linear models, and path analysis were applied to examine the associations and mediating pathways.
resultsPrevalence of depressive symptoms increased from 26.3% to 37.3% over 2 years. Compared with Q1 (the lowest quartile), Q4 of unhealthy dietary scores was significantly associated with an increased risk of positive depression symptoms (adjusted
conclusionsChinese adolescents exhibit both a high clustering of unhealthy dietary behaviors and notably elevated levels of inflammation. Our longitudinal study indicates that the clustering of unhealthy diets and inflammation levels are associated with depressive symptoms among Chinese adolescents.
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