ReviewMolecules (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Research Progress and Future Perspectives of Orexin Receptor Antagonists in Insomnia Therapy.
Review in Molecules (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
Abstract
Insomnia is a common sleep disorder that significantly impairs quality of life and increases the risk of various chronic diseases. Although conventional sedative-hypnotic agents are effective, their clinical use is limited by tolerance, dependence, and residual next-day effects. The orexin system plays a critical role in sleep-wake regulation through orexin receptor 1 (OX1R) and orexin receptor 2 (OX2R), with OX2R serving as the primary mediator of wakefulness. Based on this mechanism, orexin receptor antagonists (ORAs) have been developed to promote sleep by suppressing wake-promoting signaling pathways. This review systematically summarizes the structural and functional characteristics of the orexin system, with particular emphasis on the functional divergence of OX1R and OX2R and their therapeutic relevance. Recent advances in dual orexin receptor antagonists (DORAs) and selective orexin receptor antagonists are discussed, and the pharmacological properties and clinical performance of approved and investigational agents are compared. In addition, the safety profiles, adverse effects, and clinical limitations of ORAs are reviewed. Future perspectives are highlighted, including receptor selectivity, pharmacokinetic optimization, and personalized treatment strategies. Collectively, ORAs offer a mechanism-based therapeutic approach that may improve both the efficacy and safety of insomnia treatment.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.