ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2026
Defined Natural Products as Adjunctive Therapies: Evidence-Gated Polypharmacology Across Molecular Targets, Human Exposure, Clinical Signals, and Safety Boundaries.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Defined natural products are often framed as intrinsically safer multi-target alternatives to selective drugs, but this assumption is not pharmacologically justified. This critical review evaluates product-specific adjunctive evidence in respiratory allergy, inflammatory bowel disease, type 2 diabetes, depression, and insomnia. MEDLINE/PubMed records published from 2020 to 23 June 2026 were prioritized, while earlier pivotal randomized trials and quantitative safety studies were retained. Evidence was gated by product identity, human exposure, exposure-compatible target engagement, incremental efficacy, and safety boundaries.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.