Surfing Across Life Domains: A Qualitative Study on the Role of Leisure Activities in Occupational Well-Being.

Work-related stress and difficulties in managing the work-life interface represent significant challenges for psychological well-being. While research has increasingly examined coping and recovery processes, less attention has been paid to the role of nature-based leisure activities in supporting these dynamics. This qualitative study explores how adult workers who regularly practice surfing use this activity to cope with work-related stress and how it relates to the development of personal resources and the work-life interface. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 14 Italian workers, and the data were analyzed using thematic analysis. Three main themes emerged. First, surfing was described as a coping strategy that supports emotional regulation, psychological detachment from work, and recovery, particularly through immersion in a natural environment. Second, participants reported that experiences developed in surfing, such as managing uncertainty, risk, and decision making, were transferable to the work context. Third, surfing played a complex role in the work-life interface, contributing to balance but also generating time-based tensions when not adequately integrated into daily routines. Overall, the findings highlight the active role of individuals in using extra-work activities as resources for coping and recovery and underline the importance of considering nature-based experiences within broader models of occupational well-being and work-life dynamics.