ArticleBehavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Passive Aggression and Life Satisfaction in Middle Adulthood: Sequential Mediating Roles of Emotion-Regulation Difficulties and Interpersonal Relationship Quality.
Article in Behavioral sciences (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
0 citing papers in PubMed.
No citing paper in PubMed yet.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
This study examined the relationship between passive aggression and life satisfaction among middle-aged Korean adults, focusing on the sequential mediating roles of emotion-regulation difficulties and interpersonal relationship quality. Participants were 299 adults aged 40-64 years who completed an online survey. The proposed sequential mediation model was tested using PROCESS Macro 4.2 Model 6 with 5000 bootstrap samples. Passive aggression was positively associated with emotion-regulation difficulties and negatively associated with interpersonal relationship quality and life satisfaction. Emotion-regulation difficulties were negatively associated with both the quality of interpersonal relationship and life satisfaction, whereas interpersonal relationship quality was positively associated with life satisfaction. Sequential mediation analysis indicated that passive aggression did not directly predict life satisfaction when the mediators were included in the model. Instead, the indirect effects through emotion-regulation difficulties and interpersonal relationship quality were statistically significant, whereas the remaining direct effect of passive aggression on life satisfaction was not significant. These findings were consistent with a pathway in which passive aggression was associated with greater emotion-regulation difficulties, poorer interpersonal relationship quality, and lower life satisfaction.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What OpenQuestion holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the OpenQuestion graph.