ArticleBrain sciences2026
Relative Device-Output Music Intensity and Virtual-Reality-Based Postural Control in Trained Athletes.
Article in Brain sciences, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesPostural control depends on the integration and reweighting of visual, somatosensory, vestibular, and contextual sensory information. Stable auditory cues may support balance, whereas complex musical stimulation may impose additional sensory-cognitive demand during multisensory conflict. This study examined the acute effects of relative device-output music intensity on virtual-reality-based postural control in trained athletes and explored whether responses differed by sport background.
methodsForty-eight athletes from tennis, combat sports, swimming, football, and volleyball completed the Clinical Test of Sensory Interaction in Balance delivered through virtual reality (CTSIB-VR) and Limits of Stability (LOS) assessments under four auditory conditions: routine/no sound and low (+10 dB), moderate (+20 dB), and high (+30 dB) relative device-output increments. Linear mixed-effects models included sport, auditory condition, and their interaction as fixed effects and participant-specific random intercepts and random linear condition slopes. Model-based estimated marginal means, Bonferroni-adjusted contrasts, 1.5×IQR sensitivity analyses, and robust generalized estimating equations were calculated.
resultsAuditory condition affected all five CTSIB-VR outcomes (Wald χ
conclusionsRelative device-output music intensity was associated with consistent changes in CTSIB-VR sensory-organization measures and outcome-specific changes in LOS performance. Sport-related patterns require confirmation in adequately powered, balanced samples.
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