Colchicine Protects Against Sickle Cell Related Cardiomyopathy: Evidence of the Novel Role of Inflammaging.

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a globally distributed hereditary red cell disorder with still high mortality. Growing evidence indicates that sickle cell related cardiovascular disease contributes to the early death of adults with SCD. Here, we show that humanized SCD mice developed an age-dependent cardiomyopathy characterized by (i) increased circulating Th17 lymphocytes, Th17 heart infiltration associated with increased plasma IL-17; (ii) collagen deposition and activation of both platelet derived growth factor-B (PDGF-B) and transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1) canonical pathways; (iii) overactivation of heart NF-κB associated with up-regulation of NLRP3 and of inflammatory vasculopathy markers. We then used colchicine (CLC) that acts as anti-inflammatory drug with immunomodulatory effects. In humanized SCD mice, we demonstrated the protective role of low-dose CLC treatment against chronic inflammation and preserving myocardial performance. Of note, we found CLC also attenuating sickle cell related lung damage, suggesting a multiorgan effect of CLC in SCD mice. Our data generate the rationale to further explore CLC as new therapeutic tool to treat early stages of sickle cell cardiomyopathy.