ArticleGenes2026
Temporal Dynamics of Latent Fingerprint Microbiomes: A First Step to Decoding Crime Evidence.
Article in Genes, 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Authors and funding
2 authors.
Funding
Abstract
BACKGROUND/
objectivesLatent fingerprints (LFs) have been a cornerstone of forensic identification through conventional friction ridge pattern analysis; however, the microbial communities they harbor remain a largely untapped source of information. Estimation of the time-since-deposition (TsDp) of LFs is still an unresolved challenge in forensic science, as existing 2D and 3D imaging methodologies provide limited temporal resolution. This study investigated whether temporal shifts in LF-associated microbiota could potentially complement dating approaches via genetic analyses.
methodsLFs were collected from two healthy donors from both hands, pre- and post-hand washing, across three time points spanning 192 h (8 days) under monitored, but uncontrolled, indoor conditions. LF friction ridges were optically examined via 2D and 3D imaging, while microbial communities were characterized by
resultsA stable core microbiota, dominated by
conclusionsLF-associated microbiomes contain both stable and temporally dynamic taxa, with the potential to provide personalized biological information for TsDp estimation. These preliminary findings contribute to the molecular toolkit of forensic microbiomics by laying the foundation for prospective multimodal models integrating LF microbial and topographical data to improve the temporal interpretation of crime evidence touched by bare hands. Further validation with broader donor cohorts and environmental conditions are essential before operational forensic implementation.
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