ReviewBioengineering (Basel, Switzerland)2026
Custom-Made Versus Non-Custom Mouthguards in the Prevention of Sports-Related Oro-Dento-Facial Trauma: A Scoping Review of the Clinical Evidence.
Review in Bioengineering (Basel, Switzerland), 2026. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Not yet cited in PubMed.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
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Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
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0 citing papers in PubMed.
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Authors and funding
10 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Sports-related oro-dento-facial trauma is a major clinical and socioeconomic burden, with oro-dento-facial injuries affecting approximately 30-40% of athletes. Mouthguards are widely recommended as primary protective devices, yet the comparative effectiveness of custom-made versus stock and boil-and-bite designs remains unclear. This scoping review aimed to map the clinical evidence on different mouthguard types for preventing sports-related oro-dento-facial injuries. The review followed the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. PubMed, Embase, Scopus, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library were searched on 22 January 2026, without restrictions on language, date, or design. Eligibility was defined using the PICOS framework, and three reviewers independently performed selection and data extraction (Cohen's kappa = 0.79). Of 820 records, eight studies published between 1989 and 2025 met the inclusion criteria, covering contact and non-contact sports across a wide age range. Custom-made mouthguards, mainly fabricated from ethylene-vinyl acetate, were consistently associated with reductions in dental trauma, intraoral lacerations, and temporomandibular joint injuries, with statistically significant effects in several studies (
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